Additionally, a good contractor will take the time to understand your vision, answer your questions, and provide a detailed estimate and timeline.
Many manufacturers and contractors require registration to activate the warranty, ensuring that you're covered from the start. Contractors must also be familiar with chemical storage guidelines, filtration system requirements, and water quality testing protocols. "Residential and commercial pools differ significantly in size, usage patterns, and regulatory requirements.
Though the initial investment may be higher, the long-term savings on utility bills and the reduction in carbon emissions make solar energy a practical and sustainable choice for pool owners." Vinyl-lined pools are budget-friendly and comfortable, though their liners may need replacement over time. Solar covers not only retain heat but also minimize evaporation, saving water and reducing the overall environmental impact.
Having a clear understanding of your warranty terms and maintaining proper records ensures a smooth and efficient resolution." By keeping the water warmer for longer periods, pool covers reduce the need for continuous heating and lower energy consumption.
Using a variable-speed pump allows you to run the system at lower speeds for longer periods, significantly cutting energy usage. It's also important to match the pool's style to your home's architecture, ensuring a cohesive appearance.
"Pool financing options include home equity loans, personal loans, and specialized pool financing programs. Covers also minimize evaporation, which conserves water and keeps chemical levels more stable.
"The perfect pool design enhances your property's aesthetics and suits your family's needs. "Selecting the best construction method for your pool involves weighing several factors, such as budget, desired maintenance level, and design flexibility. By thoughtfully designing the surrounding landscape, you can create a more sustainable and visually appealing pool area."
Modern finishes, updated tiles, and stylish decking improve curb appeal, while adding amenities like a spa or waterfall creates a more luxurious atmosphere. "Energy-efficient pools have a reduced environmental footprint due to lower energy consumption, minimal greenhouse gas emissions, and less reliance on non-renewable resources.
Routine tasks such as skimming debris, vacuuming, and brushing the walls prevent buildup and maintain water clarity. Over time, the cumulative cost savings more than offset the initial investment.
"Upgrading your pool's interior is a great way to refresh its look, improve functionality, and extend its lifespan. By weighing the pros and cons of each type, you can determine which option is the best fit for your family and property."
If references highlight recurring issues or poor service, it's a red flag that may prompt you to consider other options." "Selecting the right poolside furniture and decor can elevate the style and comfort of your outdoor area. While the upfront cost is significant, proper planning and quality construction ensure that the pool meets safety standards, operates efficiently, and provides long-term value."
In some instances, a professional inspection or second opinion may help resolve the dispute." Solar-powered pumps and heaters, combined with variable-speed technology, reduce energy use and lower utility bills. "Ensuring pool safety for all ages involves a combination of physical measures, proper supervision, and ongoing maintenance.
Additionally, pools must be built to support adequate circulation and filtration systems to maintain water quality and prevent contamination. During rainy seasons, heavy rainfall may dilute pool chemicals and flood surrounding areas, so proper drainage and regular chemical adjustments are essential.
The non-porous material resists algae growth and requires fewer chemicals, saving both time and money. "Experience is a critical factor when selecting a pool contractor because it directly impacts the quality, efficiency, and reliability of the finished project.
"Before hiring a pool contractor, it's important to ask questions that clarify their qualifications, process, and expectations. With these strategies, you can create a pool environment that's safe and enjoyable for everyone."
Maintaining proper water chemistry also helps protect the pool's structure and equipment from corrosion or scaling. Look for projects that are similar in size, complexity, and style to what you envision for your own pool. Freeform or kidney-shaped pools blend naturally with landscaped areas and offer a more organic appearance.
By integrating these water-saving elements, you can enjoy a functional and beautiful pool while using significantly less water." Installing a pool lift or ramp can also help accommodate those with limited mobility.
Tanning ledges and in-pool loungers provide a spa-like feel, while LED lighting sets the mood for nighttime relaxation. For example, unexpected soil conditions may require additional excavation or stabilization work.
Monitor water levels regularly-unexpected drops could indicate a leak that needs immediate attention.
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This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. (April 2018)
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A swimming pool service technician is a person who maintains swimming pools, including keeping the water clean and safe by fixing pool equipment such as pumps, motors and water filters.
Pool and spa service technicians provide services in the swimming pool and spa industry. There are various national trade associations in the United States that offer memberships in these services, including the Pool & Hot Tub Alliance,[1] the Independent Pool And Spa Service Association, Inc.[2] and the United Pool Association.[3] Certification can be obtained through various organizations, including the National Swimming Pool Foundation.
There are approximately 15 million residential pools and spas in the United States, and about 400,000 commercial and public swimming pools.[4][5] The two service industry trade organizations boast of having about 15,000 members. These workers generally clean either residential or commercial swimming pools. Not all pool service professionals are members of these organizations, and many residential pool owners clean their own pools.[6]
According to the National Swimming Pool Foundation,[7] which has certified hundreds of thousands of pool service operators with its Certified Pool Operators course,[8] only 26 states require that operators of public or commercial pools be properly trained and certified. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has published guidance to "help ensure healthy and safe experiences in public pools" in reports called the Model Aquatic Health Code.[9] [10]
An automated pool cleaner can also be used to clean some pools.
The swimming pool service technician industry has various jobs that extend beyond cleaning and sanitizing. Swimming pool service technicians are required to have an understanding of basic water chemistry readings, such as chlorine, pH, alkalinity, stabilizer, and salt levels.[11] Additionally, they must have knowledge in maintaining and repairing pool and spa equipment, including filters, pumps, chlorinators, heaters, pool lights, and automation systems and are also responsible for maintaining safety by ensuring that diving boards, water slides, and other pool accessories are in safe working condition.
Another aspect of repairing or installing pool equipment is setting up automation systems. This includes running high and low voltage wires from a main breaker box to a separate automation panel where that electricity is then sent to the various pool equipment. Communication wire is also sent to the equipment to switch them on and off via the automation motherboard.
The average swimming pool technician hourly pay rate in the United States is $17.30.[12] [13] This figure may vary depending on many factors, including the employer, location and worker's expertise.
A swimming pool service technician is the title character of the Seinfeld episode "The Pool Guy".[14]
There has also been an episode of Saturday Night Live called "Pool Boy", depicting a swimming pool service technician, played by comedian Pete Davidson.
In Legally Blonde, a pool boy named Enrique Salvatore (played by Greg Serano) is a key witness in the trial at the center of the movie.[15]
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This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2010)
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Salt water chlorination is a process that uses dissolved salt (1000–4000 ppm or 1–4 g/L) for the chlorination of swimming pools and hot tubs. The chlorine generator (also known as salt cell, salt generator, salt chlorinator, or SWG) uses electrolysis in the presence of dissolved salt to produce chlorine gas or its dissolved forms, hypochlorous acid and sodium hypochlorite, which are already commonly used as sanitizing agents in pools. Hydrogen is produced as byproduct too.
The presence of chlorine in traditional swimming pools can be described as a combination of free available chlorine (FAC) and combined available chlorine (CAC).[1] While FAC is composed of the free chlorine that is available for disinfecting the water, the CAC includes chloramines, which are formed by the reaction of FAC with amines (introduced into the pool by human perspiration, saliva, mucus, urine, and other biologics, and by insects and other pests).[2] Chloramines are responsible for the "chlorine smell" of pools, as well as skin and eye irritation. These problems are the result of insufficient levels of free available chlorine, and indicate a pool that must be "shocked" by the addition of 5–10 times the normal amount of chlorine.[1] In saltwater pools, the generator uses electrolysis to continuously produce free chlorine. As such, a saltwater pool or hot tub is not actually chlorine-free; it simply utilizes added salt and a chlorine generator instead of direct addition of chlorine. It also burns off chloramines in the same manner as traditional shock (oxidizer). As with traditionally chlorinated pools, saltwater pools must be monitored in order to maintain proper water chemistry. Low chlorine levels can be caused by insufficient salt, incorrect (low) chlorine-generation setting on the SWG unit, higher-than-normal chlorine demand, low stabilizer, sun exposure, insufficient pump speed, or mechanical issues with the chlorine generator. Salt count can be lowered due to splash-out, backwashing, and dilution via rainwater.
Research has shown that because saltwater pools still use chlorine sanitization, they generate the same disinfection byproducts (DBPs) that are present in traditional pools. Of highest concern are haloketones and trihalomethanes (THMs) of those the predominant form being bromoform. Very high levels of bromoform—up to 1.3 mg per liter, or 13 times the World Health Organization's guideline values—have been found in some public saltwater swimming pools.[3]
Manufacturers have been producing saltwater chlorine generators in the United States since the early 1980s, and they first appeared commercially in New Zealand in the early 1970s (the Aquatech IG4500).[4]
The chlorinator cell consists of parallel titanium plates coated with ruthenium and sometimes iridium. Older models make use of perforated (or mesh) plates rather than solid plates. Electrolysis naturally attracts calcium and other minerals to the plates. Thus, depending on water chemistry and magnitude of use, the cell will require periodic cleaning in a mild acid solution (1 part HCl to 15 parts water) which will remove the buildup of calcium compound crystals, such as calcium carbonate or calcium nitrate. Excessive buildup can reduce the effectiveness of the cell. Running the chlorinator for long periods with insufficient salt in the pool can strip the coating off the cell which then requires an expensive[clarification needed] replacement, as can using too strong an acid wash.
Saltwater pools can also require stabilizer (cyanuric acid) to help stop the sun's UV rays from breaking down free chlorine in the pool. Usual levels are 20–50 ppm. They also require the pH to be kept between 7.2 and 7.8 with the chlorine being more effective if the pH is kept closer to 7.2. The average salt levels are usually in the 3000-5000 ppm range, much less than the ocean, which has salt levels of around 35,000 ppm.[5] In swimming pools, salt is typically poured across the bottom and swept with the pool brush until it dissolves; if concentrated brine is allowed into the return-water system it can cause the chlorinator cell to malfunction due to overconductivity.
Salt water chlorination produces an excess of hydroxide ions, and this requires the frequent addition of hydrochloric acid (HCl, also known as muriatic acid) to maintain pH.[6]
The benefits of salt systems in pools are the convenience and the constant delivery of pure chlorine-based sanitizer. The reduction of irritating chloramines versus traditional chlorinating methods and the "softening" effect of electrolysis reducing dissolved alkali minerals in the water are also perceived as benefits. For some people that have sensitivities to chlorine, these systems may be less offensive.
Disadvantages are the initial cost of the system, maintenance, and the cost of replacement cells. Salt is corrosive and will damage some metals and some improperly-sealed stone. However, as the ideal saline concentration of a salt-chlorinated pool is very low (<3,500ppm, the threshold for human perception of salt by taste; seawater is about ten times this concentration), damage usually occurs due to improperly-maintained pool chemistry or improper maintenance of the electrolytic cell. Pool equipment manufacturers typically will not warrant stainless steel products damaged by saline pools. Calcium and other alkali precipitate buildup will occur naturally on the cathode plate, and sometimes in the pool itself as "scaling". Regular maintenance of the cell is necessary; failure to do so will reduce the effectiveness of the cell. Certain designs of saline chlorinators use a "reverse-polarity" method that will regularly switch the roles of the two electrodes between anode and cathode, causing this calcium buildup to dissolve off the accumulating electrode. Such systems reduce but do not eliminate the need to clean the electrolytic cell and the occurrence of calcium scale in the water.
As chlorine is generated, pH will rise causing the chlorine to be less effective. Many systems with chemistry automation can sense the rising pH and automatically introduce either CO2 or hydrochloric acid in order to bring the pH back to the target level.Automation systems will also manage levels of sanitizer by monitoring the ORP or redox levels of the water. This allows only the needed amount of chlorine to be generated based on the demand.
Sodium bromide can be used instead of sodium chloride, which produces a bromine pool. The benefits and downsides are the same as those of a salt system. It is not necessary to use a chloride-based acid to balance the pH. Also, bromine is only effective as a sanitizer, not as an oxidizer, leaving a need for adding a "shock" such as hydrogen peroxide or any chlorine-based shock to burn off inorganic waste and free up combined bromines. This extra step is not needed in a sodium chloride system, as chlorine is effective as both a sanitizer and an oxidizer. A user would only need to "super chlorinate" or increase chlorine production of the cell occasionally. That would normally be less than once a week or after heavy bather loads.
Pool suction-drain injury, also known as suction entrapment, occurs when the drain of a wading pool, swimming pool, hot tub, or fountain sucks in a swimmer's jewelry, torso, limbs, hair or buttocks. In some cases of buttocks entrapment, victims are disemboweled. In the United States, 147 incidents were documented between 1985 and 2002 of which 36 were fatal.[1] In 1982, the Consumer Product Safety Commission reported that five children were disemboweled by drains in wading pools and urged pools to install covers on drains.[2][3]
A standard 8 inches (20 cm) main drain can develop up to 350 pounds (160 kg) of force, which could hold a person underwater in tight grip until the suction is released. This can drown the entrapped person, despite the rescue efforts of multiple adults.[4]
One way to make drains safer is to install shut-off valves and dome-shape drains that are less likely to create a suction effect with the human body, as required in the United States by the 2007 Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act. And as a result of that cases nowadays are extremely rare to nonexistent.[5]
| Name | Date | Incident |
|---|---|---|
| Carol Parker | 1957 | A 13-year-old in Prattville, Alabama was sucked feet-first to her hips into a drain of a municipal pool and remained stuck under nine feet of water despite two lifeguards' efforts. She was able to escape the drain when a pool bystander turned off the pump.[6] |
| Valerie Lakey | 1993 | In Cary, North Carolina, 5-year-old Valerie Lakey was disemboweled by a kiddie pool when her bottom became stuck to the drain. Neither turning off the pump nor the strength of four adults dislodged her. The drain cover manufacturer, Sta-Rite, claimed the cover was improperly installed. Lakey survived without most of her small and large intestine and received a $30.9 million settlement from Sta-Rite ($25 million), Wake County, Medfield Area Recreation Club, and others ($5.9 million combined). It was the largest personal injury verdict in North Carolina history and a landmark case of lawyer John Edwards, later a Senator and vice presidential nominee.[7] |
| Virginia Graeme Baker | June 2002 | The seven-year-old granddaughter of former US Secretary of State James Baker died of suction entrapment due to a faulty drain cover and died in her mother's arms at the bottom of a hot tub.[8] The United States Congress passed a pool safety act under her name in 2007.[5] |
| Abigail Taylor | 2007 | The six-year-old died in 2008 nine months after her injury despite subsequent surgeries. Scott and Katey Taylor, her parents, lobbied for the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act, which was passed the year of Abigail's injury.[9] |
| Salma Bashir | 2008 | During a holiday with her family, she was disemboweled while in the kids' swimming pool. As of the time of the report, she was fed by a TPN bag and was waiting for a multiple organ transplant.[10] After getting a small intestine transplant, her body rejected the organ and six months later it was removed, as was her large intestine and gall bladder. She died on January 1, 2024.[11] |
| Evan Pappas | 2018 | Survived an entrapment of 7 minutes 40 seconds in a lazy river in South Carolina in 2018.[12] |
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Above-ground pools are a budget-friendly option that�s quick to install and easy to maintain. They offer flexibility in placement and can be removed or relocated if needed. With proper care, above-ground pools provide years of backyard fun.
Look for a licensed and insured contractor with strong local reviews and a proven track record. Ask about their experience, request a portfolio of completed projects, and compare quotes to find the best fit for your needs.
Fiberglass pools typically last 25�30 years or more with proper maintenance. The durable shell and smooth surface require minimal upkeep compared to other pool types, making fiberglass a long-lasting investment.
Nashville pool builders typically handle the entire pool construction process, including design, excavation, installation, and finishing touches like decking and landscaping. They also offer maintenance and repair services.
Check their licensing, insurance, and experience with local regulations. Reading customer reviews and asking for references can help you find trustworthy installers who deliver quality work on time and within budget.
